Apparatus for injecting graphite into engines



May 28, 1935. c. R, ROLEN 2,002,334

APPARATUS FOR INJECTING GRAPHITE INTO ENGINES Filed Nov. 23, 1933 lll-llll e-f'lir al [QT/EEJ/Efl QMW.

Patented May 28, 19 35 7 r r t UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE I.

. l a 2,002,834 A APPARATUS FOR "INJECTING; GRAPHITE H mm ENGINES Carl R. Rolen', Waukesha, Wis. V AhiiiicationfNovember 23, 1933, Serial No. 99,309

r 19* cla ms. (01. 123-196) This invention relates toapparatus foiflinject ing to thebest modeslhave so far devised for ing graphite into the combustion chamber ofan the practical application, of the principles thereinternal combustionengine. of, andin which:

It is well known that athincoating of graphite Figure 1 is a side elevation illustrating dia- 5 over the inner walls of thecylinders, the valves, grammatically the intake manifold of a carbu- 5 and other internal mechanism of internal comretorofan internal combustion engine, showing bustion engines, effects a very material improvethe application of this invention thereto; ment in the operation of theengine. ,Such a Figure 2 is an enlarged side view of the appacoating of graphite retardscarbon formation as ratus with parts broken away and in section; and

carbon will not readilyadhei eto a graphite sur Figure 3 is a fragmentary section view illusl0 face. It affords added lubrication and alsoimtrating a slightly modified embodiment of the proves the compression of the engine by forming invention:

a more efl'ective seal at the pistonrings and the Referring now more particularlyto the accomvalves. panying drawing in which like numerals indicate Heretofore, it has been :thecustom to add a like parts throughout the several views, the 15 solution of colloidal graphite-in oil directly to the numeral 5 designates the intake manifold of a crank case lubricant, relying upon the oil circonventional internal combustion engine (not culating through the engine to convey the shown). Connected to the manifold is a carbugraphite to the desired locations. While this retor 6,,andcommunicated with the manifold go method of applying graphite toan internal comandsupported thereby is the device of this inbuSfi n engine resulted 1 9 1 it aphite; vention indicated generally by the numeral 1.

reach g the desired destin n, much' ,o its In the present instance, the device I is conbeneficial effect was lostby carryin it in an nected to the manifold above the throttle valve, oil suspension.- a that is, between the throttle valve and the en- It is, therefore, an l' Of this, 'n i 17 gine, It may, however, ,be attached directly to 25 p v d a app ra whereby d y p wde d the carburetor outwardly of the throttle valve aphitemay b efi ve y injected into if found desirable and convenient, the major re ternal C mbust engine and pa u a into quirement being that sufficient vacuum is createdthe combustion chamber thereof. within the interior of the device 1 bythe engine A further object of this invention isto pro t vid a ppa f the p s d ib The device 1 comprises a head 8 of inverted which affords a container or reservoir for a supcup Shape having u t t 9 secured t e ply of dry finely powdered graphite, and which in, which also attaches to the manifold or caris so constructed and associated with the engine buretor, as shown, and if desirable, may be that the engine suction draws t powdered lized to support the entire device. Themouth 3 rap e into its combustion ehemberi of the bore in in the heads is counterbored to Another object of this invention is to provide define a Shoulder H d the'counter'bore is novel means fo governing the f graphite ternally threaded as at I2 forattachment to the into the en t open top of a container. The container I 3,

40 hi respect 1t 13 further b 'o l which may be in any desired form, holds a quan- 40 invention 110 1 1 a barrier f felt m l tity of finely powdered dry graphite M. material to control w of powderedsrapmte Confined between the shoulder I I and the open into the engine. end l5 of the container, is the flange I 8 of an With the above, and other objectsi ,V eW which internal hood I1. Gaskets l8 of cork or other l app as t p mlp e smy' -t suitable material are disposed on opposite sides 45 vention resides, in the novel construction, comr the flange IE to aiford a tight seal upon tightbination and arrangement of parts substantially ening of th container to th h d 8 as hereinaft des d more Particularly The internal hood I! is open at its bottom and definedby the append cl im t being undercommunicates with the interior of a felt sleeve stood that such changes in the precise embodi- I9 which is clamped against the bottom of the ment of the hereindisclosed invention may be hood by a washer 20 supported on the lower end made as come within the scope of the claims. of a central stud 2|. Thestud 2| is carried by In the accompanying drawing, I have illusthe head 8 and extends axially down through the trated two complete examples of; the physical hollowhood .l! and the felt sleeve l9, and has 5,6,. embodimentof myinventionconstructedlaccorda clamping nut 22 on its lower threaded end by a which the washer 20 may be drawn upwardly toward the hood to compress the felt sleeve to any desired state of compression. Confined between the washer 20 and the hood I! is an expansive spring 23, which acts in opposition to the adjusting nut 22 to afford a finer adjustment.

The hood H has an opening 24 communicating it with the bore ll] of the head which being communicated with, the intake manifold, is subjected to the influence of engine suction. The interior of the hood I! by virtue of its communication through the opening 24 with the bore IE], is also subjected to the influence of engine suction so that a partial vacuum is established therein to draw the finely powdered graphite through the felt sleeve for conveyance into the combustion chamber.

In view of the finely powdered state of the graphite remains in the container, the normal jarring of the automobile will cause it to be thrown upwardly onto the outer wall of the felt sleeve from which it is drawn through the interstices of the felt by engine suction. If desired, the device may be mounted in an inverted position or at any convenient angle, without affecting its operation. a

Inasmuch as the only communication between the interior of the'hood Ill and the container 13 is through the interstices or pores of the felt sleeve and as the state of compression of the felt sleeve is readily adjustable, it is possible to control the rate of flow of the powdered graphite into the hood to a very fine degree, thus insuring that only the desired small quantity of graphite is taken into the combustion chamber.

Obviously, the eifect of suction upon the device varies with the size and type of engine with which it is used, and to make the device more universal in its application, it maybe equipped with valved air bleeds leading into the interior of the head and also into the interior of the container l3;

The provision of such air bleeds isillustrated in the modified embodiment shown in Figure 3. As here shown, the head has an air inlet passage 25, in which a bushing 26 issecured. Threaded in the outer end of the bushing is an adjusting screw 21 having a pointed end to determine the degree of communication between the bushing bore and a transverse bore 28 leading to the atmcsphere. The container l3 has a similar bushing 26' secured thereto and also equipped with a screw 2'! to adjust the extent of the air bleed into the container interior. I

By providing these air bleeds into the interior of the container and into the interior of the head 8, it is possible to adjust the effect of the suction on the device and thereby better regulate the flow of graphite into the engine.

As will be readily apparent, the container l3 may be quickly detached from the head to permit the same tobe refilled with powdered graphite, andas the internal hood l'l, together with the felt sleeve and its associated structure, are supported from the head 8, by the stem 2 l, the removal of the container does'not disturb the same. i

It is noted that the opening 2 t, which co municates the interior of the hood with the hollow cap or head is disposed diametrically opposite the outlet duct 9. This location of the opening '24. precludes the possibility of contact of liquid fuel which might enter the interior of the head through the duct 9, withthe felt sleeve From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, that this invention affords a novel device for injecting dry graphite into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and that by reason of the novel means employed to control the flow of the powdered graphite, its passage into the combustion chamber may be-finely regulated.

What I claim as my invention is: Q

1. In combination with an internal combustion engine part subjected to engine suction, a container for dry powdered material which it is desired to inject'into the internal combustion engine, means to communicate said container with said engine part, and a fibrous barrier through the interstices of which the powdered material must pass in its passage to the engine part. graphite, it is evident that as long as some 2. In combination with an internal combustion engine part subjected to engine suction, a container for dry powdered material which it'is desired to inject into the internal combustion engine, means to communicate said container with said engine part, and a felt barrier through whi'chthe powdered material must pass in its passage to the engine part.

3. In combination with an internal combustion engine part subjected to engine suction, a container for dry powdered material which it is desired to inject into the internal combustion engine, means to communicate said container with said engine part,- and a felt barrier through which the powdered material "must pass in its passage to the engine part, and adjustable means to compress said felt barrier and thereby determine the rate of flow of the powdered material therethrough.

4. A- device for supplying finely powdered material in small quantities comprising, 'a container to hold a supply of the powdered material, an outlet through which the material may be drawn from the container by suction, and a fibrous barrier through which the material must pass before leaving the outlet, said barrier being of substantial density to restrict the flow of the material through its interstices to a finefseepage.

5. A device for supplying finely powdered Inaterial in small quantities comprising, a container to hold a supply of the powdered material, an outlet through which the material may be drawn from the container by suction, a fibrous barrier through which the material must pass before leaving the outlet, said barrier being of substantial density to restrict the flow of the material through its interstices to a fine seepage, and adjustable means to compress said barrier to determine its density and consequent rate of seepage of the material therethrough.

. 6. In combination with a passage through which finely powdered dry material is conveyed pneumatically, a felt barrier to control the rate of fiow of the material through said passage.

7. In combination with a passage through which dry finely powdered material is conveyed pneumatically, a felt barrier to control the rate of flow of the material through said passage, the density of the barrier determining the rate of flow of the material therethrough, and adjustable means to compress said felt barrier to adjust its density. 7

8. A device for providing controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected to suction comprising, a receptacle to hold a supply of said powdered material, means to communicate receptacle with said chamber;

and afelt barrier closing the communication between the said communicating means and the receptacle, except for the fine passages afforded. by the interstices insaid felt barrier, whereby the powdered material must pass through said felt barrier to'reach the communicating means.

9. A device of the character described comprising, a receptacle, a hollow head closing the receptacle, and a felt barrier between the receptacle and the interior of the hollow head, whereby the passage of dry powdered material from the receptacle into the hollow head is restricted and controlled.

10. A device for providing controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected to suction, comprising, a receptacle to hold a supply of the dry powdered material, a hollow head closing the receptacle, means to communicate the interior of the hollow head with the chamber, whereby the effect of suction in the chamber is also present within the hollow head, and means to separate the interior of the hollow head from the receptacle including a felt barrier, whereby the flow of material from the receptacle into the hollow head in response to the effect of suction therein is limited to the amount which will pass through the interstices of the felt barrler.

11. A device for providing controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected to suction, comprising a receptacle to hold a supply of the dry powdered material, a hollow head closing the receptacle, means to communicate the interior of the hollow head with the chamber, whereby the effect of suction in the chamber is also present within the hollow head,

and means to separate the interior of the hollow head from the receptacle including a fibrous barrier extending down into the receptacle to be at all times covered with the powdered material enabling .the suction within the hollow head to draw the powdered material through the fibrous barrier and into the hollow head.

12. A device for providing controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected to suction, comprising a receptacle to hold a supply of the dry powdered material, a hollow head closing the receptacle, means to communicate the interior of the hollow head with the chamber, whereby the effect of suction in the chamber is also present within the hollow head, a metal wall separating the receptacle interior from the hollow head except for a restricted passage, andachamber formed partially by a felt wall with which the hollow head communicates through said restricted passage, the interstices in the felt wall forming the sole communication between the chamber and the receptacle interior so that the flow of powdered material into the hollow head iscontrolled by the density of said felt wall.

13. A device for providing controlled injectio of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected'to suction, comprising a receptacle to hold a supply of the dry powdered material, a hollow head closing the receptacle, means to communicate the interior of the hollow head with the chamber, whereby the effect of suction in the chamber is also present within the hollow head, a hood disposed within the hollow head and opening to the interior of the receptacle, said hood having a small opening communicating the interior of the hood with the interior of the hollow head, and means to close the hood including a felt -wall through the interstices of which. the powdered materialis drawnfrom the receptacle.

.14. A. device for providing controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber. sub-. jected to suction, comprising a receptacle to: holdia supply of the. dry powdered materiahua hollow head closing .the receptacle, means to communicate the interior of the hollow head with the chamber, whereby the effect of suction in the chamber is also present within the hollow head, a metal wall having a part clamped between the receptacle and the hollow head and having a small opening therein, a chamber with which the interior of the hollow head is communicated through said opening, said chamber having a felt wall through the interstices of which powdered material passes from the receptacle into the chamber and then through the opening into the hollow head.

15. A device of the character described, comprising, a receptaclev for powdered material, a detachable hollow head closing the receptacle, said hollow head having an outlet through which material may be drawn by suction, a flanged hood disposed between the head and the receptacle, said flanged hood having an opening to communicate its interior with the hollow head, means to close the open end of the hood including a tubular felt member through the interstices of which dry powdered material passes from the receptacle into thehood for passage through the opening therein into the head, and common means to maintain the tubular felt member assembled with the hood and to adjust the state of compression of said felt member.

16. A device of the character described .comprising, a receptacle for dry powdered material,

a hollow head detachably secured to the open end of the receptacle to close the same, a flanged hood having its flange clamped between the hollow head and the receptacle and having a small opening to communicate the interior of the hollow head with the interior of the hood, a stud carried by the head and extending through the hood, a tubular felt member encircling the stud and engaging the hood to form a continuation of the chamber afforded thereby, and means carried by the stud to compress the felt member and cooperate therewith to completely close the chamber formed by the felt member and the hood whereby the only passage from the receptacle into said chamber and consequently the interior of the hood is through the interstices of the felt member.

17. A device of the character described, comprising a receptacle for powdered material, a hollow cap closing the receptacle and affording an outlet for the material from the receptacle, and a barrier carried by the cap to separate the receptacle from the interior of the cap, said barrier including a wall of fibrous material through the insterstices of which the powdered material passes from the receptacle into the cap interior.

18. A device to afford controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected to suction, comprising, a receptacle for the material, a hollow head closing the receptacle and communicating with said chamber, a barrier to separate the receptacle from the hollow head including a wall of fibrous material through the interstices of which the material is drawn by suction, and an adjustable air bleed leading to the interior of the hollow head to control the effect of suction on the material through the interstices of the fibrous barrier.

19. A device to afford controlled injection of dry powdered material into a chamber subjected to suction, comprising a receptacle for the material, a hollow-head closing the receptacle and 5 communicating with said chamber, a barrier to separate the receptacle from the hollow head including a wall of fibrous material through the interstices of which the material is1drawn by suction, and controlled air bleeds leading to the hollow head and to the receptacle to adjust the efiect of suction within the hollow head and the receptacle, and thereby regulate the flow of mae terial through the interstices of the fibrous wall.

CARL R. ROLEN. 

